References

Ottox400OTTO JANKE, DC

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LYCEUM REFERENCES March 22-23, 2025

  1. “A core aim of chiropractic care is to optimize the health and wellbeing of individuals through the enhancement of nervous system function brought about by reducing nerve interference caused by vertebral subluxation.” Janke, O., Russell, D. Improvement in Vagal Function in a Post Breast Cancer Patient Receiving Chiropractic Care: A Case Study. Journal of Medical Cases, North America, 10, jun. 2019. https://www.journalmc.org/index.php/JMC/article/view/3306
  2. Haas A, Chung J, Kent C, et al. (March 15, 2024) Vertebral Subluxation and Systems Biology: An Integrative Review Exploring the Salutogenic Influence of Chiropractic Care on the Neuroendocrine-Immune System. Cureus 16(3): e56223. doi:10.7759/cureus.56223 “A novel perspective on the salutogenic, health-promoting effects of chiropractic adjustment is presented, focused on the improvement of physical indicators of well-being and adaptability such as blood pressure, heart rate variability, and sleep, potential benefits that may be facilitated through multiple neurologically mediated pathways. Our findings support the biological plausibility of complex benefits from chiropractic intervention that is not limited to simple neuromusculoskeletal outcomes and open new avenues for future research, specifically the exploration and mapping of the precise neural pathways and networks influenced by chiropractic adjustment.”
  3. Janke OJ. Side effects of the Chiropractic adjustment: And Questions which arise. Asia-Pac Chiropr J. 2023;3.4:Online only. URL www.apcj.net/papers-issue-3-4/#JankeSideEffects “However, according to the AMA Manual of Style, a side effect is simply ‘a secondary consequence of therapy (usually drug-based) that is implemented to correct a medical condition’ and can thus be either beneficial or detrimental.”

When Adjusting the Upper Cervical Spine: 

  1. Bakris G, Dickholtz M Sr, Meyer PM, Kravitz G, Avery E, Miller M, Brown J, Woodfield C, Bell B. Atlas vertebra realignment and achievement of arterial pressure goal in hypertensive patients: a pilot study. J Hum Hypertens. 2007 May;21(5):347-52. doi: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1002133. Epub 2007 Mar 2. PMID: 17252032. “We conclude that restoration of Atlas alignment is associated with marked and sustained reductions in BP similar to the use of two-drug combination therapy.”
  2. Jeffrey L. Selano, Brett C. Hightower, Bruce Pfleger, Karen Freeley Collins, John D. Grostic The Effects of Specific Upper Cervical Adjustments on the CD4 Counts of HIV Positive Patients Source: Chiropractic Research Journal : Volume 3, Number 1 “A 48% increase in CD4 cells was demonstrated over the six month duration of the study for the adjusted group.”
  3. Boline PD, Kassak K, Bronfort G, Nelson C, Anderson AV. Spinal manipulation vs. amitriptyline for the treatment of chronic tension-type headaches: a randomized clinical trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1995 Mar-Apr;18(3):148-54. PMID: 7790794.
  4. Cuthbert SC, Barras M. Developmental delay syndromes: psychometric testing before and after chiropractic treatment of 157 children. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2009 Oct;32(8):660-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2009.08.015. PMID: 19836603. “Individual and group data showed that at the end of treatment, the 157 children showed improvements in the 8 psychometric tests and 20 areas of cognitive function compared with their values before treatment. Their ability to concentrate, maintain focus and attention, and control impulsivity and their performance at home and school improved.”
  5. Marchand AM. Chiropractic care of children from birth to adolescence and classification of reported conditions: an internet cross-sectional survey of 956 European chiropractors. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2012 Jun;35(5):372-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2012.04.008. Epub 2012 May 22. PMID: 22627100. “Of the 956 (23.3%) participating chiropractors, 921 reported 19821 pediatric patients per month. Children represented 8.1% of chiropractors' total patient load over the last year. A total of 557 (534 mild, 23 moderate, and 0 severe) negative (adverse) side effects were reported for an estimated incidence of 0.23%.”
  6. Masarsky, C.S. & Todres-Masarsky, M.. (2011). Effect of a single chiropractic adjustment on divergent thinking and creative output: A pilot study, part II. Chiropractic Journal of Australia. 41. 67-76.  “A statistically significant short-term enhancement of creative thinking or energy/focus when involved in creative work following a chiropractic adjustment is indicated by the interview data, with a latency of zero to nine days.” 
  7. Elster, Erin,DC Sixty Patinets with Chronic Vertigo Undergoing Upper Cervical Chiropractic Care to Correct Vertebral Subluxation: A Retrospective Analysis. Annals of Vertebral Subluxation Research. Volume 2006

 

Chiropractic Adjustments and Heart Rate Variability 

  1. Janke, O., Russell, D. Improvement in Vagal Function in a Post Breast Cancer Patient Receiving Chiropractic Care: A Case Study. Journal of Medical Cases, North America, 10, jun. 2019. https://www.journalmc.org/index.php/JMC/article/view/3306
  2. Zhang J, Dean D, Nosco D, Strathopulos D, Floros M. Effect of chiropractic care on heart rate variability and pain in a multisite clinical study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2006;29(4):267-274. 
  3. Haas A, Russell D. Improved nerve function, adaptability & resilience following chiropractic care. Chiro J Austr. 2017;45(4):338-358.
  4. Knowles D, Knowles R, Kotur D. Improvement in heart rate variability in 46 patients undergoing chiropractic with network spinal analysis: a retrospective analysis of outcomes. A Vertebral Subluxation Res. 2017;1:232-237.
  5. Hart J. Heart rate variability following spinal adjustment: a practice-based study.         The Internet Journal of Neurology. 2019;21(1):1-8.
  6. Journal of Upper Cervical Chiropractic Research ~ January 27, 2021 ~ Pages 1-9 Improvement in Heart Rate, Heart Rate Variability & Reduction in Dysautonomia in a 74-Year-Old Female Undergoing Upper Cervical Chiropractic Care: A Case Report & Review of the Literature Christi Osborne D.C. & Benjamin Rauch D.C. 
  7. Molecular and Genetic Medicine ISSN: 1747-0862 Increased Telomere Length and Improvements in Dysautonomia, Quality of Life, and Neck and Back Pain Following Correction of Sagittal Cervical Alignment Using Chiropractic BioPhysics Technique: a Case Study Fedorchuk C, Lightstone DF, McCoy M and Harrison DE 
  8. J Chiropr Med. 2015 Mar; 14(1): 1–9. Effects of Upper and Lower Cervical Spinal Manipulative Therapy on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Variability in Volunteers and Patients With Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled, Cross-Over, Preliminary Study Ni Ni Win, MBBS, PhD,a,⁎ Anna Maria S. Jorgensen, PhD,a Yu Sui Chen, PhD,b and Michael T. Haneline, DC, MPHc
  9. Annals of Vertebral Subluxation Research ~ October 16, 2017 ~ Pages 201-208 Heart Rate Variability to Assess the Changes in Autonomic Nervous System Function Associated With Vertebral Subluxation Christopher Kent, D.C. 
  10. J Manipulative Physiol Ther . 2009 May;32(4):277-86. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2009.03.003. Heart rate variability modulation after manipulation in pain-free patients vs patients in pain  Richard A Roy  1 , Jean P Boucher, Alain S Comtois 
  11. J Manipulative Physiol Ther . 2006 Oct;29(8):603-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2006.08.011. The effects of thoracic manipulation on heart rate variability: a controlled crossover trial Brian Budgell  1 , Barbara Polus 

 

 

HEART RATE VARIABILITY AND LONGEVITY

  1. Zulfiqar U, Jurivich DA, Gao W, Singer DH. Relation of high heart rate variability to healthy longevity. Am J Cardiol. 2010 Apr 15;105(8):1181-5. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.12.022. Epub 2010 Feb 20. Erratum in: Am J Cardiol. 2010 Jul 1;106(1):142. PMID: 20381674. “In conclusion, healthy longevity depends on preservation of autonomic function, in particular, HRV-parasympathetic function, despite the early age-related decrease.”
  2. Tan JPH, Beilharz JE, Vollmer-Conna U, Cvejic E. Heart rate variability as a marker of healthy ageing. Int J Cardiol. 2019 Jan 15;275:101-103. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.08.005. Epub 2018 Aug 3. PMID: 30104034. “These findings suggest that an age-related decline in HRV is not inevitable.”
  3. Haensel A, Mills PJ, Nelesen RA, Ziegler MG, Dimsdale JE. The relationship between heart rate variability and inflammatory markers in cardiovascular diseases. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2008 Nov;33(10):1305-12. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.08.007. Epub 2008 Sep 25. PMID: 18819754; PMCID: PMC4266571. “Heart rate variability is inversely correlated with inflammatory markers in healthy individuals as well as in those with cardiovascular diseases.” 
  4. Gidron Y, Deschepper R, De Couck M, Thayer JF, Velkeniers B. The Vagus Nerve Can Predict and Possibly Modulate Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases: Introducing a Neuroimmunological Paradigm to Public Health. J Clin Med. 2018 Oct 19;7(10):371. doi: 10.3390/jcm7100371. PMID: 30347734; PMCID: PMC6210465. “Global burden of diseases (GBD) includes non-communicable conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thus, we propose to routinely implement measurement of HRV to predict such GBD in populations, and to test in randomized controlled trials effects of non-invasive vagal nerve activation on prevention and treatment of GBD, reflecting possible neuro-modulation of health.” 
  5. De Couck M, Maréchal R, Moorthamers S, Van Laethem JL, Gidron Y. Vagal nerve activity predicts overall survival in metastatic pancreatic cancer, mediated by inflammation. Cancer Epidemiol. 2016 Feb;40:47-51. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.11.007. Epub 2015 Nov 24. PMID: 26618335. “Recent research findings suggest neuro-modulation of tumors. These results are in line with possible vagal nerve protection in a fatal cancer,  and propose that the mechanism may involve neuroimmuno-modulation.”
  6. Mol MBA, Strous MTA, van Osch FHM, Vogelaar FJ, Barten DG, Farchi M, Foudraine NA, Gidron Y. Heart-rate-variability (HRV), predicts outcomes in COVID-19. PLoS One. 2021 Oct 28;16(10):e0258841. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258841. PMID: 34710127; PMCID: PMC8553073. “Higher HRV predicts greater chances of survival, especially in patients aged 70 years and older with COVID-19, independent of major prognostic factors. Low HRV predicts ICU indication and admission in the first week after hospitalization.”

 

THORACIC 

  1. Shawn Labelle, D.C. & Marcus Steiner, D.C. ‘Resolution of Anxiety, Depression, Insomnia, Scoliosis & Cluster Headaches, in a Patient with Opioid Addiction Undergoing Chiropractic Care to Reduce Subluxations: A Case Study & Review of the Literature’  Annals of Vertebral Subluxation Research ~ October 4, 2017 ~ Pages 176-188
  2. Jonathan Madill, DC ‘Improvement of GERD following Chiropractic Care: A Case Study and Selective Review of Literature’, Annals of Vertebral Subluxation Research, Volume 2016
  3. Curtis Fedorchuck, DC,  Elizabeth Snow, DC ‘Increased Lung Function & Quality of Life in Asymptomatic Subjects Following Reduction in Thoracic Hyperkyphosis & Vertebral Subluxation Utilizing Chiropractic BioPhysics: A Case Series’ Annals of Vertebral Subluxation Research, Oct 12, 2017, pp 189-200.

LUMBAR 

  1. Abe Cardwell, DC Brianna Barone, DC ‘Improved Health Outcomes Following Reduction of Vertebral Subluxation And Improved Cervical and Lumbar Curves Utilizing Biophysics Protocol’,  Annals of Vertebral Subluxation Research, Volume 2014
  2. K. Eric Hutchinson, DC ‘Resolution of Non Obstructive Urinary Retention in a 61-Year-Od Female Undergoing Chiropractic Care to Reduce Vertebral Subluxation using Chiropractic Biophysics Technique (CBP): A Case Study’, Annals of Vertebral Subluxation Research, Volume 2024.
  3. Allie Hamstead, DC ‘Reduction of Upper Back Pain & Resolution of Sciatica Following Chiropractic Care to Reduce Vertebral Subluxation in a 30-Year-Old Female with Scoliosis: A Case Study’, Annals of Vertebral Subluxation Research, Volume 2024.

AND…

  1. Sarnat RL, Winterstein J, Cambron JA. Clinical utilization and cost outcomes from an integrative medicine independent physician association: an additional 3-year update. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2007 May;30(4):263-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2007.03.004. PMID: 17509435. “Clinical and cost utilization based on 70,274 member-months over a 7-year period demonstrated decreases of 60.2% in-hospital admissions, 59.0% hospital days, 62.0% outpatient surgeries and procedures, and 85% pharmaceutical costs when compared with conventional medicine IPA performance for the same health maintenance organization product in the same geography and time frame. 35.
  2. Hannon, S M. “Objective Physiologic Changes and Associated Health Benefits of  Chiropractic Adjustments in Asymptomatic Subjects: A Review of the Literature.” (2004). “The data reviewed lend support to the contention that chiropractic adjustments, often for the purpose of correcting vertebral subluxation, confer measurable health benefits to people regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms. A significant amount of preliminary evidence supports that people without symptoms can benefit from chiropractic care. Improved function can be objectively measured in asymptomatic individuals following chiropractic care in a number of body systems often by relatively non-invasive means. It is plausible that chiropractic care may be of benefit to every function of the body and have the potential for long-term, overall health benefit to those receiving chiropractic care.”

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